Konsumsi ikan, buah dan sayuran menurunkan insiden tromboemboli v ena

Penelitian ini dilakukan secara prospektif selama 12 tahun terhadap hampir
15 ribu orang dewasa.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi ikan, buah dan sayuran dapat
menurunkan insiden tromboemboli vena. Sedangkan konsumsi daging dan produk
olahannya justru meningkatkan insiden tromboemboli vena.

Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan konsumsi ikan (sebagai
sumber protein hewani, pengganti daging), buah dan sayuran dapat menurunkan
insiden tromboemboli vena.

Circulation. 2007;115:188195. January 16, 2007 © 2007 American Heart
Association, Inc.
Greater Fish, Fruit, and Vegetable Intakes Are Related to Lower Incidence of
Venous Thromboembolism.
The Longitudinal Investigation of Thromboembolism Etiology,
Lyn M. Steffen, Aaron R. Folsom, Mary Cushman, David R. Jacobs, Jr, Wayne D.
Rosamond.

Background- Little is known about the role of dietary intake in the
development of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolus (venous
thromboembolism [VTE]). Homocysteine, factor VIII, and von Willebrand factor
levels, risk factors for VTE, are influenced by dietary intake. We tested
the hypothesis that foods rich in B vitamins and n-3 fatty acids are
negatively associated and meat intake is positively associated with
incidence of VTE.

Methods and Results- In a prospective study over 12 years, 14 962
middle-aged adults participating in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities
study were followed up for incident VTE. All hospitalizations were
identified, and 196 VTEs were validated by chart review. A food frequency
questionnaire assessed dietary intake at baseline and year 6. In separate
proportional hazards regression analyses, risk of developing VTE was
computed across quintiles of selected nutrients, major food groups, and the
Western diet pattern, with adjustment for demographic and lifestyle factors,
body mass index, and diabetes. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of
VTE incidence across quintiles of fruit and vegetable intake were 1.0
(reference), 0.73 (0.48 to 1.11), 0.57 (0.37 to 0.90), 0.47 (0.29 to 0.77),
and 0.59 (0.36 to 0.99) (Ptrend=0.03). Eating fish 1 or more times per week
was associated with 30% to 45% lower incidence of VTE for quintiles 2 to 5
compared with quintile 1, suggestive of a threshold effect. Hazard ratios of
VTE across quintiles of red and processed meat intake were 1.0, 1.24 (0.78
to 1.98), 1.21 (0.74 to 1.98), 1.09 (0.64 to 1.87), and 2.01 (1.15 to 3.53)
(Ptrend=0.02). Hazard ratios were attenuated only slightly after adjustment
for factors VIIc and VIIIc and von Willebrand factor.

Conclusions- A diet including more plant food and fish and less red and
processed meat is associated with a lower incidence of VTE.